Flag and Facts Page
Written description
“Local opposition to Spanish rule in what is now Colombia began on July 20, 1810, at Bogotá. Rebellion soon spread to Cartagena, the Cauca valley, and Antioquia. Each area proclaimed independence under a separate flag—horizontal stripes of yellow over red, a tricolour of blue-yellow-red, blue and white stripes within a silver border, and others. The victory of “The Liberator,” Simón Bolívar, at the Battle of Boyacá on August 7, 1819, assured the independence of Colombia, and in December of that year Colombia adopted as its national flag the horizontal tricolour of yellow, blue, and red under which Bolívar fought.The national flag of Colombia symbolizes that the nation gained its independence from Spain on 20 July 1810. It is a unequal horizontal tricolor of yellow, blue and red in a 2:1:1 ratio. The yellow stripe takes up a half of the flag while the blue and red stripes take up a quarter of the space each.”
Economy paragraph
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Columbia is located on the northwest corner of the South America continent, Columbia and has a total area of 1,138,910 sq km (439,736 sq mi) extending 1,700 km (1,056) north-northwest to south-southeast and 1,210 km (752 mi) north-northeast to south southwest. The land area also includes the islands of San Andrés and the Providencia in the Caribbean Sea and islands of Malpelo, Gorgona, and Gorgonilla in the Pacific Ocean. Columbia has lots of both bodies of water, with a 1,760 km (1,094) Caribbean coastline and a 1,448km (900 mi) Pacific coastline. Colombia shares its total international boundary of 6,004 km (3,731 mi) with five countries: Venezuela (2,050 km; 1,271 mi), Brazil (1,643 km; 1,019 mi), Peru (1,496 km; 930 mi), Ecuador (590 km; 366 mi), and Panama (225 km; 140 mi). The Capital of Colombia is Santa Fe de Bogotá and is one of the most spectacular cities in all of South America, entirely enclosed by the lofty and tall mountain ranges. It occupies about 77 sq km (30 sq mil) in the autonomous Special District, established in 1955. Topographically, Columbia is divided into four regions: the central highlands, the Atlantic lowlands(also referred/called the Caribbean coastal lowlands), the Pacific lowlands, and eastern Columbia to the east of the Andes. Near the Ecuadorian border the Andes Mountains fan out into three distinct ranges, known as cordilleras, which run through the country from the south on a northeasterly axis. The three diverse principal chains are the Cordillera Occidental, the Cordillera Central, and the Cordillera Oriental. The western and central cordilleras run parallel with the Pacific coast. The highest peak of the central system is Nevado del Huila (5,750 m; 18,865 ft). The third chain runs northeastward, bifurcating into an eastern branch, the Sierra de los Andes, and a northern branch, the Sierra Perija, which terminates south of the Guajira Peninsula. The highest point of this range, Sierra Nevada de Cucuy, rises to 5,580 m (18,307 ft) above sea level. This cordillera also contains the Sabana de Bogotá, the massive plateau on which the capital is built. The Atlantic lowlands consist of the plains north of the highlands and are connected with the highlands through the Cauca and Magdalena river valleys. The region includes the semiarid Guajira Peninsula and the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, an isolated mountain system with peaks over 5,700 m (18,700 ft), including the country's highest peaks, Pico Cristobal Colon and Pico Simón Bolívar (both are 5,775 m; 18,947 ft). The Pacific lowlands consist of jungles and swamps and the low Serranía de Baudó, which is geologically separate from the Andean chain. Adjoining the Panama frontier is the Atrato Swamp, a bottomless muck that has defied engineers trying to build the Pan-American Highway across it. The sparsely populated eastern three-fifths of the country comprise vast llanos, or plains, in the north and the Amazon rainforest, or selva, in the south.
The river system includes the Magdalena, with a length of 1,549 km (963 mi), of which 1,300 km (808 mi) are navigable; the Cauca, with a length of 1,015 km (631 mi), of which 249 km (155 mi) are navigable; the Caquetá, a tributary of the Amazon with a length of 2,200 km (1,367 mi); the Meta, a tributary of the Orinoco with a length of 1,000 km (621 mi); and the Putumayo, a tributary of the Amazon with a length of 1,800 km (1,119 mi). Shorter rivers include the Guaviare, Baudó, Atrato, San Juan, and Patía. There are a number of lakes in the Atlantic lowlands, including Ciénaga de Zapotosa, Ciénaga Sapayan, Ciénaga de Oro, Ciénaga de Tadia, and Ciénaga Chilloa. For these reasons Colombia is nicknamed the “gateway to South America” because it sits in the northwestern part of the continent where South america connects with Central and North America and due to Columbia being the 5th largest country in latin america and the energy and liveliness the people of columbia have.
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